CLIMATE CHANGE :- INDIA's APPROACH

India's approach to Multilateral efforts at addressing Climate Change:-

1. Adherence to the principle of common but differentiated responsibility & respective capabilities of different countries in respect of both mitigation of GHGs and adaption measures.

2. Reliance on multilateral approaches, as opposed to bilateral or pluri-lateral or uni-lateral measures.

3. Equal per capita entitlements of environmental resources to all countries.

4. Over-riding priority of the right to development.

ESSENTIAL STEPS TO COMPLETE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

1. Describe the Project (Proposed) and the     available options.

2. Describe the Existing Environment.

3. Select the Impact Indicators to be used.
     The four impact indicators are used.
      1. Natural Physical resources
      2. Natural Ecological resources
      3. Human & Economic development                     resources or  values.                          
      4. Quality of life e.g. aesthetic and                         cultural values which are difficult to               assess.

4. Predict the nature and extent of                   Environmental changes or effects.

5. Identify the relevant human concerns         or factors.

6. Assess the significance of the Impact.

7. Incorporate appropriate mitigating and     abatement measures.

8. Identify the Environmental costs &             benefits of the project to community.

9. Report on the assessment.

EIA : Possible Impacts of Various Projects or Activities on certain components or aspects of Environment

TABLE:- POSSIBLE IMPACTS (OR TYPICAL EXPECTED CHANGES) OF VARIOUS PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES ON CERTAIN ASPECTS OR COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT

COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT	CHANGES OR IMPACTS WRT TO FOLLOWING IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS
WATER	Water Pollution, Temperature & Siltation Capacity, Availability of Water, Use & Quality of Water, Water Pollution due to toxic & hazardous substances, Effect on Canals or other allied distribution networks, Effects on  Aquaculture & Aesthetics of the ecosystem.
2.   AIR	Degradation of Air Quality, Excess Noise creation, Extent & Type of Air Emissions, Effects on Man.
3.  LOCAL GEOLOGY & SOILS	Effects on stability & instability of soils, Effects on physio-chemical characteristic of soils.
4. ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES	Effects on Local Natural Resources, Impact on NG consumption, Thermal power generation, Impact on availability of local Energy Sources.
5. VEGETATION	Destruction of Forest Cover, Changes in Species Diversity & Biological Productivity, Disappearance of Species.
6. SOLID WASTE SYSTEMS OR           FACILITIES	Effects on existing waste management system due to excess generation of solid waste stress.

7.  ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES	Air Stability & Movements, Earthquake, Floods, Erosions, Depositions
8.  ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS	Diseases/Vectors, Food Chain
9.  CULTURAL  & LIVING STATUS	Health Services, Lifestyle, Employment situation.

EIA : POSSIBLE IMPACTS OF VARIOUS PROJECT OR ACTIVITIES ON CERTAIN HUMAN ASPECTS

TABLE : IMPACTS ON HUMAN ASPECTS

TECHNOLOGY	Safety & Security Measures, Potential Security Hazards, Decommissioning of Wastes, Density, Congestion etc.
POLITICAL FACTORS	Resource allocation, Minority & local Public interest, Decision Making structure: Responsibility & Responsiveness, Authority, Degree of involvement priorities, Defence need: contributing or limiting factors.
CULTURAL	New values, Leisure, Fashion changes
REGULATORY & LEGAL	Restructuring of administration like changes in taxes, changes in public policy, norms, rules, standards.
HEALTH	Freedom from Natural Disasters, Freedom from Molestation etc.
PERSONAL SECURITY	Changes in Health Management system : like changes in Medical Services, changes in Medical Standards.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES	Work Satisfaction, Expectations, Stress, Mobility, Community or National Pride, Involvement, Freedom from Chores.
LIFESTYLE & SOCIAL PATTERN	Settled, Nomadic, Rural, Urban, Food, Housing, Material Goods, Population Density, Rural Depopulation, Resettlements, Recreation, Pastoral Farms or Clubs.
OCCUPATIONAL & ECONOMIC	Services & Distribution Patterns, Values, Displacement of Population,  Reaction of Population in response to employment opportunities.
SOCIAL AMENITIES & RELATIONSHIP	Community Feelings, Disruptions, Neighbours, Hospital clubs, School, Transport, Family Lifestyles, Languages.
PHYSICAL AMENITIES	Art galleries, Wildlife, Museums, National Parks, Landscape, Beauty, Wilderness, Quiet,, Clean Air & Water, Historical & Archeological Monuments.
STATUTORY LAWS	Noise abatement laws, National building acts, Air & Water Quality Standards.
AESTHETICS	Moral Conduct,  Sentimental Values, Visual Physical Changes.
REGIONAL & TRADITIONAL BELIEFS	Symbol, Taboos, Values.

Environmental Engineer/Manager

         Role of Environmental Engineer

1. Identifying the requirements for environment clearance & guidance on application strategies for all the stages of operations of the existing or proposed development activity.
2. Monitoring of environmental related aspects in operations/processes so as to ensure the environmental compliances.
3. Preparing effective monitoring, sampling & analysis plan for environmental aspects like water, wastewater, effluent, solid & hazardous waste, soil, flue gas emissions, vent gas as per CPCB/MOEF guidelines.
4. Assist & contribute in establishment of Environmental Management System (EMS) and ensuring implementation of ISO 14001:2005 & other environmental standards on the project site.
5. Ensure timely submission of statutory reports like environment statement, half yearly compliance reports, annual return submission to government/regulatory authorities etc.
6. Prepare & review of monitoring reports, EC documents which includes EIA & risk assessment reports.
7. Increasing awareness among personnel regarding statutory regulations & legal requirements in relation to impacts of environmental aspects.
8. Conduct audits of EMS to check its effectiveness so as to ensure complete Enviro-legal compliance.
9. Planning & coordinating sustainability data audits & data analysis.
10. Developing SAP based module related to environment and its implementation.
11. Follow up with regulatory agencies through local liasion & providing technical support.
12. Conducting training programmes & promotional activities about the best EM practices to be followed during construction & operations stage.
13. Preparing HSE reports & investigation of Environmental incidents.
14. Plan the schedule for quarterly environmental review audits/ monitoring/ periodic statutory compliance filling.
15. Planning the baseline monitoring & arranging for releasing the work orders for respective projects.
16. Conducting the vendor qualifications by checking the work quality & reviewing the compliance reports/replies.
17. Filing & submitting the applications to SEIAA, PCB, CGWA.
18. Organising mock up or final presentation about the  assessment of Environmental impacts of proposed or existing development activity.
19. Assistance for the sitting of industry from environmental point of view or aspects.
20. Carrying out EIA study & obtaining EC from MOEF/SEIAA.
21. Obtaining statutory permits & consents like CTE/CTO/NOC.
22. Registration for recycling/reprocessors of Hazardous waste from SPCB.
23. Design, Engineering & process know-how of ETP, STP, ETP, Air pollution control equipments (APCE).
24. Identifying the non-conformances (NC) in the testing activities. Ensure the traceability of all reference material.
25. Conducting waste audit.

           

.

Checklist:- Sitting Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) processing Facilities & Landfill Sites in Maharashtra

Sitting Criteria or Site selection criteria for MSW processing plants/facilities and Landfill sites in Maharashtra.

1. Any development zone be alteast 500 mtrs from the boundary of the processing or landfill site.

2. The distance of site from human habitations should be atleast 500 mtrs.

3. Design period of  the Site should be 20-25 yrs to serve the population.

4. The distance of the site from the River should be as per River Regulation Zone (RRZ) Policy, which is given as under
    A-I  for distance above 3 Kms
    A-II for distance above 1 Km
    A-III for distance above 0.5 Km

5. Distance of site from water bodies (other than notified Rivers) should be atleast 500m, avoiding upstream catchment area of water bodies. Location of the site should preferably on the downstream of the water bodies.

6. Distance of site from National monuments & historic places (duly certified by ASI) should be beyond 500 mtrs.

7. Distance from National & State highways should be more than 200 mtrs.

8. Buffer zone should be atleast 500 mtrs from the periphery of the site.

9. CRZ & RRZ rules be followed strictly in this regards.

10. Low lying areas within city will be earmarked for filling  only with non toxic & non hazardous inert wastes like construction waste, debris, road waste, road dust, silt from open drains.

Checklist of Information for Consent under Water & Air Act: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Maharashtra

Checklist of  Information to be submitted along with Municipal solid waste (MSW) Authorisation Application to Maharashtra PCB for Consent under Water & Air act.

1. For Consent to Establish

a.  Location or Site plan.

b. NOC from Town planning dept, GSDA, Airport authorities (if applicable) and concerns or views of District Collector (DC)/ District Magistrate (DM) about the proposed site.

c. Distance from river & water bodies, habitations, forest lands, wet land, national parks, historical places, monuments.

d. Quantity of organic & inorganic MSW generated.

e. Project/ Technology details 
     I) Environment related information required under          the rules.
    II) Proposed methodology or technology of waste                processing.

f.  Regional/Sub-Regional officer's NOC or site clearance to local municipal council/ corporations for setting up MSW processing facility based on the decision taken by the committee set up by DM/DC.