WECLEAN ENVIRO
An Informatics on Environmental Protection and Prevention, Water & Wastewater Treatment, Waste Management, Health and Sanitation, Chemical & Food Safety, Chemical Toxicology. In the Atharvaveda, the word VritaVrita or Parivrita means Environment.While in modern Sanskrit, the word Paryavarana is used for environment, meaning which encircles us. Weclean Environ believes in "Serve to Conserve" philosophy for the betterment of the Environment in a sustained manner.
Friday, 12 October 2018
Monday, 8 October 2018
Sunday, 21 January 2018
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS :- INDIA
Notification G.S.R - 826(E) dated
16th November, 2009
16th November, 2009
Ref:
- The Environment (Protection) Seventh Amendment Rule 2009
SCHEDULE VII: - NATIONAL
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS :-INDIA
[See Rule 3(3B) of EP Rule 1986]
SCHEDULE
VII
of Environment Protection Rule 1986
SN
|
Pollutants
|
Time
Weighted Average
|
Concentrations in Ambient Air
|
|||
Industrial,
Residential, Rural and Other Area
|
Ecologically
Sensitive Area (Notified by Central Govt.)
|
Methods of Measurement
|
||||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
|
1
|
Sulphur Di-oxide, SO₂, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
50
80
|
20
80
|
-Improved West & Gaeke.
-Ultraviolet Fluorescence.
|
|
2
|
Nitrogen Di-oxide, NO₂, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
40
80
|
30
80
|
-Modified Jacob &
Hoehhelser (Na-Arsenite).
-Chemiluminescence.
|
|
3
|
Particulate Matter (Size
less than 10µm) or PM₁₀, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
60
100
|
60
100
|
-Gravimetric
-TOEM
-Beta Attenuation
|
|
4
|
Particulate Matter (Size
less than 2µm) or PM₂.₅, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
40
60
|
40
60
|
-Gravimetric
-TOEM
-Beta Attenuation
|
|
5
|
Ozone, Oᴣ, (µg/m³)
|
8hours**
1hour**
|
100
180
|
100
180
|
-UV Photometric
- Chemiluminescence
-Chemical Method
|
|
6
|
Lead, Pb, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
0.5
1.0
|
0.5
1.0
|
-AAS/ICP Method after
sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper.
- ED-XRF using Teflon Filter
|
|
7
|
Carbon Monoxide, CO, (µg/m³)
|
8hours**
1hour**
|
02
02
|
04
04
|
-Non-Dispersive Infrared
(NDIR) Spectroscopy.
|
|
8
|
Ammonia, NHᴣ, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
24hours**
|
100
400
|
100
400
|
- Chemiluminescence
-Indophenol Blue Method
|
|
9
|
Benzene, C6H6, (µg/m³)
|
Annual*
|
05
|
05
|
-Gas Chromatography based
continuous analyser.
- Adsorption &Desorption
followed by GC analysis.
|
|
10
|
Benzo Pyrene (BaP)-
Particulate Phase only, (ng/m³)
|
Annual*
|
01
|
01
|
-Solvent extraction followed
by HPLC/GC analysis
|
|
11
|
Arsenic (As), (ng/m³)
|
Annual*
|
06
|
06
|
-AAS/ICP Method after
sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper.
|
|
12
|
Nickel, (Ni), (ng/m³)
|
Annual*
|
20
|
20
|
-AAS/ICP Method after
sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper.
|
|
* Annual arithmetic mean of
minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site twice a week 24 hourly
at uniform intervals.
** 24 hourly or 8 hourly or 01
hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time
in a year. 2% of the time they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive
days of monitoring.
Note- Whenever & Wherever monitoring results of two
consecutive days of monitoring exceeds the limits specified above for the
respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute
regular or continuous monitoring & further investigation.
Sunday, 30 July 2017
Regulatory requirements on the utilisation of Fly Ash from Thermal Power Plants in India
In order to reduce the land requirement for disposal and the environmental impacts of Fly Ash generating from TPPs in India, the Government of India have taken several steps. One of the measures is utilisation of Fly ash in a phased manner.
The target of achieving 100% Fly ash utilisation in a progressive manner is specified by MoEF notification dated
3/11/2009 for all Coal/Lignite based TPPs.
Successive Years Prescribed Targets
of FA utilisation for
TPPs in operation before 3/11/2009
1st year 50%
2nd year 60%
3rd year 75%
4th year 90%
5th year 100%
(Such TPPs will have to achieve 100% target in successive 5yrs from the date of this notification, 3.11.2009)
Successive Years Prescribed Targets
of FA utilisation for
TPPs in operation after 3/11/2009
1st year 50%
2nd year 70%
3rd year 90%
4th year 100%
The target of achieving 100% Fly ash utilisation in a progressive manner is specified by MoEF notification dated
3/11/2009 for all Coal/Lignite based TPPs.
Successive Years Prescribed Targets
of FA utilisation for
TPPs in operation before 3/11/2009
1st year 50%
2nd year 60%
3rd year 75%
4th year 90%
5th year 100%
(Such TPPs will have to achieve 100% target in successive 5yrs from the date of this notification, 3.11.2009)
Successive Years Prescribed Targets
of FA utilisation for
TPPs in operation after 3/11/2009
1st year 50%
2nd year 70%
3rd year 90%
4th year 100%
(Such TPPs will have to achieve 100% target in successive 4yrs from the date of commissioning)
MoEF has come up with new notification No. S.O. 254(E) dated 27.01.2017, for promoting the utilisation of Fly Ash. The notified points are given below
1. Fly ash based products shall be used by all construction agencies in every construction projects, within the radius of 300Kms from Coal/Lignite based TPPs.
2. Cost of transportation of Fly Ash to interested parties, within the radius of 100Km from TPPs, shall be borne by such TPPs. Whereas between 100-300Kms, the cost shall be shared equally between the User & TPPs.
3. Detailed information of Stocks of each type of Fly Ash available with the TPPs, be uploaded on their website, within 3 months from the date of notification 27.01.2016. This information about the stock shall be updated thereafter atleast once in a month.
MoEF has come up with new notification No. S.O. 254(E) dated 27.01.2017, for promoting the utilisation of Fly Ash. The notified points are given below
1. Fly ash based products shall be used by all construction agencies in every construction projects, within the radius of 300Kms from Coal/Lignite based TPPs.
2. Cost of transportation of Fly Ash to interested parties, within the radius of 100Km from TPPs, shall be borne by such TPPs. Whereas between 100-300Kms, the cost shall be shared equally between the User & TPPs.
3. Detailed information of Stocks of each type of Fly Ash available with the TPPs, be uploaded on their website, within 3 months from the date of notification 27.01.2016. This information about the stock shall be updated thereafter atleast once in a month.
Saturday, 29 July 2017
Requirement or Criteria on the use of Beneficiated/Blended Coal in Thermal Power Plants in India
In order to minimise Fly Ash generation, MoEF, GOI notified on 2/1/2014 (vide Gazette Notification GSR 02(E) on the use of Beneficiated coal containing Ash not more than 34% on quarterly average basis in the following TPPs depending on their Location.
1) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located beyond 1000 Km from Pit-head area
or
Located in an Urban area
or
Located in an ecologicaly sensitive area
or
Located in a critically polluted Industrial area, irrespective of its distance from Pit-head area
except Pit-head TPPs with an immediate effect.
2) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located between 750-1000 Km from Pit-head
with effect from 1/1/2015.
3) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located between 500-749 Km from Pit-head
with effect from 5/6/2016.
The following Technologies or the Green /Clean technologies or any other technology approved by MoEF, used in TPPs, are exempted from use of Beneficiated Coal irrespective of their locations.
The technologies are
Power plants using
1. Circulating Fluidised based combustion or 2. Atmosphere Fluidised based combustion or
3. Pressurised Fluidised bed combustion or
4. Integrated Gasification combined cycle technologies.
5. Supercritical Power Plant
1) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located beyond 1000 Km from Pit-head area
or
Located in an Urban area
or
Located in an ecologicaly sensitive area
or
Located in a critically polluted Industrial area, irrespective of its distance from Pit-head area
except Pit-head TPPs with an immediate effect.
2) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located between 750-1000 Km from Pit-head
with effect from 1/1/2015.
3) A stand-alone TPPs of any capacity
or
Captive PPs of installed capacity of 100MW or above
Located between 500-749 Km from Pit-head
with effect from 5/6/2016.
The following Technologies or the Green /Clean technologies or any other technology approved by MoEF, used in TPPs, are exempted from use of Beneficiated Coal irrespective of their locations.
The technologies are
Power plants using
1. Circulating Fluidised based combustion or 2. Atmosphere Fluidised based combustion or
3. Pressurised Fluidised bed combustion or
4. Integrated Gasification combined cycle technologies.
5. Supercritical Power Plant
Stack Height Requirement for Thermal Power Plants in India
Stack Height (Limit) criteria for Coal based Thermal Power Plants have been developed in India, based on proper dispersion of SO2 emissions from TPPs in Ambient Air.
For TPPs having Boiler Capacity more than 500 MW and above, space provision for installing FGD has been recommended.
TPPs having Stack Height in Mtrs
Capacity (MW)
1. < 200/210 Height in Mtrs= 14Q0.3
2. 200/210 to < 500 220 Mtrs
3. 500 MW & above 275 Mtrs
Q is SO2 Emission rate from stack in Kg/Hr
There are some requirements for TPPs sanctioned earlier to 1 June 1994 with regards to stack height.
Such TPPs may not be required to increase the existing height subject to the following conditions:-
1. The ambient SOx & Nox concentration levels is less than 1/3 th of the prescribed air quality standards for SOx & NOx for the Concerned Area.
2. Such TPPs shall install adequate no.of Air quality monitoring stations in & around the Power plant area. These Monitoring station be selected in consultation with SPCB/CPCB.
For TPPs having Boiler Capacity more than 500 MW and above, space provision for installing FGD has been recommended.
TPPs having Stack Height in Mtrs
Capacity (MW)
1. < 200/210 Height in Mtrs= 14Q0.3
2. 200/210 to < 500 220 Mtrs
3. 500 MW & above 275 Mtrs
Q is SO2 Emission rate from stack in Kg/Hr
There are some requirements for TPPs sanctioned earlier to 1 June 1994 with regards to stack height.
Such TPPs may not be required to increase the existing height subject to the following conditions:-
1. The ambient SOx & Nox concentration levels is less than 1/3 th of the prescribed air quality standards for SOx & NOx for the Concerned Area.
2. Such TPPs shall install adequate no.of Air quality monitoring stations in & around the Power plant area. These Monitoring station be selected in consultation with SPCB/CPCB.
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